North Korea has stated that it has produced nuclear weapons and according to many intelligence and military officials it has produced, or has the capability to produce, up to six or seven such devices. It also has a certain quantity of Nodong 1 and 2, SCUD, and the long-range Taepodong 1 and 2 missiles. It has test-fired each of these missiles more than once, despite the Six-party talks, initiated in 2003. The Six-party talks have been the diplomatic route used to resolve the concern brought about by North Korea's nuclear weapons program. These talks are a series of meetings with six participating states - the People's Republic of China, South Korea, North Korea, the United States of America, the Russian Federation and Japan and were a result of North Korea withdrawing from the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty in 2003. The aim of these talks is to find a peaceful resolution to the security concerns raised by the North Korean nuclear weapons program. According to Richard Saccone, an expert on Korea, in April 2006 : "After decades of hostile exchanges and months of stalled negotiations about its nuclear weapons, North Korea quietly put forward a positive signal that it is prepared to talk." North America called the Tae Po Dong. This among other comments made by Kim Jong Il suggest they are actually not willing to co-operate[18] North Korea is not a signatory of the Missile Technology Control Regime and states that it has the sovereign right to test its missiles and pursue its weapons program. The DPRK's stance on the 2002 Pyongyang Declaration with Japan is that the agreement is now void due to Japan's failure to normalize relations with the regime. US sanctions following the six-party talks are also cited by North Korea as a reason to continue missile tests and other aspects of its weapons program. [19] North Korea then announced on October 3, 2006, that it was going to test its first nuclear weapon regardless of the world situation, blaming 'hostile US policy' as the reason for the need for such a deterrent. However, it pledged a no-first-strike policy and to nuclear disarmament only when there is worldwide elimination of such nuclear weapons. However, on October 9, 2006, it was reported that North Korea had successfully tested their first nuclear weapon[20]. Associated Press also reported that Yonhap news agency quoted an unnamed South Korean official that a nuclear test took place at 10:36 am Korea Time in Hwaderi near Kilju city on the northeast coast on Monday, October 9 in North Korea. [21] China was given 20 minutes notice of the test, and China subsequently warned the United States. The seismic activity measured 4.2 on the Richter scale, and was located at 41.311°N, 129.114°E, according to the US Geological Survey. U.S. officials are reviewing information on the test.[22] According to the Korean Central News Agency "no radioactive material leaked from that test site".